What is reaction formation?

Reaction formation is a psychological defense mechanism where an individual unconsciously transforms their true feelings into opposite behaviors or expressions. This mechanism often occurs as a way to cope with feelings or impulses that are considered socially unacceptable or anxiety-provoking. For example, a person who feels angry or jealous may instead display exaggerated friendliness and affection towards the individual they have those feelings about.

This response serves to protect the individual from the anxiety associated with their true feelings, allowing them to present a façade that is more socially acceptable. By behaving in a manner that is contrary to their genuine emotions, they can avoid confronting potentially uncomfortable truths about themselves.

In contrast, the other options focus on different responses to emotions, such as expressing feelings openly, displaying extreme emotions, or ignoring feelings altogether, none of which capture the essence of reaction formation.